OrderBy

@dataclass
class OrderBy(QueryClause):
    """A class representing an order by clause for SQLAlchemy queries. This
    class extends the `QueryClause` class and adds an `order` attribute
    to specify the ordering direction (ascending or descending). The `field`
    attribute can be either a string representing the field name or an
    `InstrumentedAttribute` from SQLAlchemy.

    An instance of this class represents a single order by condition that can
    be applied to a call to the `order_by` parameter of any method of a
    `SqlRepository` subclass. Keep in mind that this `order_by` parameter is
    expected to be a sequence of `OrderBy` instances, so multiple order by
    conditions can be applied to a query by including multiple instances of
    this class in the sequence.

    Attributes
    ----------
    field
        Can be a string representing the field name or an
        `InstrumentedAttribute` from SQLAlchemy.
    order
        An instance of the `Order` enumeration specifying the ordering
        direction (ascending or descending).
    """

    field: str | InstrumentedAttribute[Any] = ""
    order: Order = Order.ASC

    def __post_init__(self) -> None:
        """Post-initialization method to set up the order by clause. This
        method calls the parent class's post-initialization method and then
        determines the appropriate subclass based on the order attribute.
        """
        super().__post_init__()
        self.__class__ = self._get_filter_class()  # type: ignore

    def _get_filter_class(self) -> type["OrderBy"]:
        """Determine the appropriate subclass based on the order attribute."""
        match self.order:
            case Order.ASC:
                return AscendingOrder
            case Order.DESC:
                return DescendingOrder
            case _:
                return OrderBy